To avoid continued grievances and tension, Madrid should examine the processes followed in referendums in Switzerland and elections in California. In addition, elections should be completely free for all candidates. See the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development for more.

Article 39 of the Hong Kong Basic Law stipulates that the people of the SAR have right to self-determination under the two international human rights conventions. The people of Hong Kong cannot take their rights for granted. In Switzerland the threshold for petitioning a referendum is only 50,000 signatures, and with that citizens can express their opinion through the ballot box instead of taking to the streets. The people have the right to hold referendums on any public issue. For more, see the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development.

Article 39 of the Hong Kong Basic Law stipulates that the people of the SAR have right to self-determination under the two international human rights conventions. The people of Hong Kong cannot take their rights for granted. In Switzerland the threshold for petitioning a referendum is only 50,000 signatures, and with that citizens can express their opinion through the ballot box instead of taking to the streets. The people have the right to hold referendums on any public issue. For more, see the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development.

Human security and sustainable development are two of the major tasks of the UN, and all nations – members or not – should comply with its norms. This entails implementing One World under One Set of Laws and giving international law precedence over domestic law, with direct bearing on the rights and duties of the people. All nations should comply with the UN Charter, the Paris climate agreement and all other relevant pacts. For details see the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development.