Article 39 of the Hong Kong Basic Law stipulates that the people of the SAR have right to self-determination under the two international human rights conventions. The people of Hong Kong cannot take their rights for granted. In Switzerland the threshold for petitioning a referendum is only 50,000 signatures, and with that citizens can express their opinion through the ballot box instead of taking to the streets. The people have the right to hold referendums on any public issue. For more, see the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development.

The UN should provide Syria the basic outline for a constitution that will facilitate lasting peace and development. The constitution should include the universal values of freedom, democracy, human rights and rule of law, and organization and elements such as the four branches (legislative, executive, judicial and procuratorial). The document should allow Syria to prosper under conditions of lasting peace. For more, see the Charterfor Permanent Peace and Development.

China has an obligation to act in concert with neighboring countries. Articles 4 and 6 of the 2002 Declaration on the South China Sea include provisions designed to offer a peaceful way to resolve territorial and jurisdictional disputes. This includes joint development and sharing of resources in the area as well as safeguarding peace and prosperity. See the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development for more.

China has an obligation to act in concert with neighboring countries. Articles 4 and 6 of the 2002 Declaration on the South China Sea include provisions designed to offer a peaceful way to resolve territorial and jurisdictional disputes. This includes joint development and sharing of resources in the area as well as safeguarding peace and prosperity. See the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development for more.

To avoid further increases in grievances and tension, Spain should end its practices of suppression andrepression. It should examine the processes followed for referendums in Switzerland and elections in California. Citizens should voice their opinions through the ballot box and one on the streets. To that end, elections should becompletely free for all candidates. See the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development for more

Catalonia's aims as an independent state should include implementation of One World under One Set of Laws and global unity (traditional values and beliefs of India); a unified world (Chinese values and beliefs): and the world as one state (Western values and beliefs, the UN) and one family of human beings (Western values and beliefs: Article 1 of the Declaration of Human Rights). Should a motion be made to prohibit referendums on self-determination, the topic of the very first referendum should be whether such a motion should itself be outlawed. See the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development.

Emmanuel Kant once noted, 'The pursuit of permanent peace is the highest goal of reason and a moral obligation.' China claims to be a 'responsible major power', thus it should not enable North Korea's continued militarism. The US and South Korea should support Taiwan's commitment to democracy and leading China to democratization, which would pressure North Korea in turn to adopt democracy.

Iraq needs constitutional reform to install a modified semi-presidential system with cabinet like that of Finland and a committee-style legislature similar to the one in Switzerland. Iraq's government should begin drawing up a basic constitution with the above features as part of a paradigm shift toward democracy. It should adopt the core values of One World under One Set of Law and be revised as necessary to keep pace with changing times. See the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development for more.

Myanmar's human rights problem is worsening, largely because its constitution guarantees the military 40% of seats in Congress with no needfor election. In order to protect human rights, Myanmar should carry out reform to adopt Global Unity Constitutional Standards, and the core values of One World under One Set of Laws, giving international law precedence over domestic law. At the same time, it should install a modified semi-presidential system with cabinet.

Constitutions represent the general will of the people, and ensuring human security, including 'personal safety', is the most urgent duty of constitutional guarantors. This means revising constitutional standards as needed to keep pace with changing times and allow governments to protect their people from fear. See the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development.